Clinical References and Published Articles

Studies

EURIDISS ten year: Cortical metacarpal bone loss as a predictor for joint destruction at ten years

	Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Bone loss 1 year	3.46(1.43-8.35)

Adjusted for age, sex, anti-CCP, RF, CRP, disease duration, ESR, HAQ and Baseline vdH Sharp score.

Hoff M, Haugeberg G, Odegard S, Syversen SW, Landewé R, van der Heijde D, Kvien TK. Cortical hand bone loss after one year in early rheumatoid arthritis predicts radiographic hand joint damage at 5 and 10 year follow-up. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2009 Mar;68(3):324-9.

BeSt (ACR 08): Cortical metacarpal bone loss is associated with an increase in joint destruction after four years

	OR (95% CI)
Bone loss 1 year	3.7(1.3-10.3)

Adjusted for age, sex, symptom duration, ACPA, RF, CRP, BSE and anti-rheumatic and anti-resorptive treatment

Güler-Yüksel M, Klarenbeek NB, Gerards AH, van Krugten MV, Ronday HK, Huizinga TWJ, Dijkmans BA, Allaart CF, Lems WF. Cortical Hand Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Loss as Predictor of Progressive Joint Damage in Recent-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Arthritis Rheum 2008 (suppl) ACR 2008.

“In patients with high disease activity, significant DXR-BMD loss can be detected already after 1.5 months”

Short-time in-vitro and in-vivo precision of direct digital X-ray radiogrammetry Hoff M, Dhainaut A, Kvien TK, Forslind K, Kälvesten J , Haugeberg G J Clin Densitom. 2009 Jan-Mar;12(1):17-21.

Peer-reviewed journals - Early prognosis

Forslind K, Boonen A, Al bertsson K, Hafström I, Svensson B. Hand Bone Loss Measured by Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry Is a Predictor Of Joint Damage In Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 2009.

Hoff M, Haugeberg G, Odegard S, Syversen SW, Landewé R, van der Heijde D, Kvien TK. Cortical hand bone loss after one year in early rheumatoid arthritis predicts radiographic hand joint damage at 5 and 10 year follow-up. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009 Mar;68(3):324-9.

Güler-Yüksel M, Klarenbeek NB, Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, van der Kooij SM, Gerards AH, Ronday HK, Huizinga TW, Dijkmans BA, Allaart CF, Lems WF. Accelerated hand bone mineral density loss is associated with progressive joint damage in hands and feet in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010 May 20;12(3):R96. Epub ahead of print

Book C, Algulin J, Nilsson JA, Saxne T, Jacobsson L. Bone mineral density in the hand as a predictor for mortality in patients
with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Sep;48(9):1088-91. Epub 2009 Jun 24.

Kapetanovic M C, Lindqvist E, Algulin J, Jonsson K, Saxne T, Eberhardt K and Geborek P. Early changes in bone mineral density measured by digital X-ray radiogrammetry predict up to 20 years radiological outcome in rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Res Ther 2011, Epub 23 Feb 2011

Review: Pfeil A, Haugeberg G, Hansch A, Renz D M, Lehmann G, Malich A, Wolf G, Böttcher J. The value of digital X-ray radiogrammetry in the assessment of inflammatory bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research, Accepted Jan 2011

Editorial: Periarticular bone changes in rheumatoid arthritis: pathophysiological implications and clinical utility Steven R Goldring Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:297–299. doi:10.1136/ard.2008.099408

Jensen T, Klarlund M, Hansen M, Jensen K E, Pødenphant J, Hansen T M, Skjødt H, Hyldstrup L, the TIRA group. Bone Loss in Unclassified Polyarthritis and Early Rheumatoid Arthritis is Better Detected by Digital X ray Radiogrammetry the Dual X ray Absorptiometry: Relationship with Disease Activity an Radiographic Outcome. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2004;63:15-22.

Stewart A, Mackenzie LM, Black AJ, Reid DM. Predicting erosive disease in rheumatoid arthritis. A longitudinal study of changes in bone density using digital X-ray radiogrammetry: a pilot study. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Dec;43(12):1561-4. Epub 2004 Aug 24.

Boettcher J, Malich A, Pfeil A, Petrovitch A, Lehmann G, Heyne JP, Hein G, Kaiser WA. Potential clinical relevance of digital Radiogrammetry for quantification of periarticular bone demineralization in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis depending on severity and compared to DXA. European Radiology 2004 14:631-637.

Arnett, FC; Edworthy, SM; Bloch, DA; McShane, DJ; Fries, JF; Cooper, NS; Healy, LA; Kaplan, SR; Liang, MH; Luthra, HS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988;31:315–324.

Peer-reviewed abstracts - Early prognosis

Bøyesen P, Haavardsholm EA, van der Heijde D, Østergaard M, Hammer HB, Kvien TK. Evaluation of the value of modern imaging modalities as predictors of radiographic damage in early rheumatoid arthritis patients with non-erosive disease: A longitudinal study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2009 (suppl) EULAR 2009.

Güler-Yüksel M, Klarenbeek NB, Gerards AH, van Krugten MV, Ronday HK, Huizinga TWJ, Dijkmans BA, Allaart CF, Lems WF. Cortical Hand Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Loss as Predictor of Progressive Joint Damage in Recent-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Arthritis Rheum 2008 (suppl) ACR 2008.

Bøyesen P, Haavardsholm EA, Østergaard M, Haugeberg G, Schilvold A, Kvien TK. Hand bone loss in the first three months and baseline MRI bone marrow edema predicts one-year change in MRI erosions in early Rheumatoid Arthritis patients Ann Rheum Dis 2007 (suppl) EULAR 2007

Peer-reviewed journals - Treatment effect

Güler-Yüksel M, Allaart CF, Goekoop-Ruiterman YP, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, van Groenendael JH, Mallée C, de Bois MH, Breedveld FC, Dijkmans BA, Lems WF. Changes in hand and generalised bone mineral density in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2009 Mar;68(3):330-6. Epub 2008 Mar 28.

Hoff M, Kvien TK, Kälvesten J, Algulin J, Elden A, Haugeberg G. Adalimumab therapy reduces hand bone loss in early rheumatoid arthritis: Explorative analyses from the PREMIER study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2009 Jul;68(7):1171- 6. Epub 2008 Sep 18.

Haugeberg G, Strand A, Kvien TK, Kirwan JR. Reduced loss of hand bone density with prednisolone in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jun 13;165(11):1293-7.

Forslind K, Boonen A, Albertsson K, Hafström I, Svensson B. Hand Bone Loss Measured by Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry Is a Predictor Of Joint Damage In Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 2009.

Hoff M, Kvien T K, Kälvesten J,Elden A, Kavanaugh A, and Haugeberg G. Adalimumab reduces hand bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis independent of clinical response: Subanalysis of the PREMIER study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2011, Epub Feb 2011.

Eekman D A, Vis M, Bultink I E M, Kuik D J, Voskuyl A E, Dijkmans B A C, Lems W F. Stable bone mineral density in lumbar spine and hip in contrast to bone loss in the hands during long-term treatment with infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, Epub 6 May 2010. 

Peer-reviewed abstracts - Treatment effect

Jensen T, M. S. Hansen, K. Hørslev-Petersen, L. Hyldstrup, B. Abrahamsen, B. Langdahl, B. Zerahn, J. Pødenphant, K. Stengaard-Petersen, P. Junker, M. Østergaard, T. Lottenburger, T. Ellingsen, L. S. Andersen, I. Hansen, H. Skjødt, J. K. Pedersen, U. B. Lauridsen, A. Svendsen, U. Tarp, G. Hansen, H. Lindegaard, A. Carvalho, M. Hetland Influence of of Alendronate (AL) and Glucocorticoid Treatment on Periarticular and Generalised Bone Loss in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (ERA). Relationship to Disease Activity and Radiographic Outcome. Arthritis Rheum 2005 (suppl) ACR 2005

Peer-reviewed journals -DXR references on precision

Hoff M, Haugeberg G, Kvien TK. Hand bone loss as an outcome measure in established rheumatoid arthritis: 2-year observational study comparing cortical and total bone loss. Arthritis Research & Therapy 2007, 9:R81 doi:10.1186/ar2280.

Hoff M, Dhainaut A, Kvien TK, Forslind K, Kälvesten J, Haugeberg G. Short-Time In Vitro and In Vivo Precision of Direct Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry. Journal of Clinical Densitometry 2009 Jan-Mar;12(1):17-21. Epub 2008 Dec 12.

Peer-reviewed abstracts - DXR references on precision

Helboe AB, Juul K, Rosholm A, Andersen PB, Bjarnason NH. High Short-term In-vivo Precision of the Pronosco Xposure System(TM) on Hand X-rays. Journal of the International Bone and Mineral Society 2001, 28; 5(suppl): P335 (IBMS 2001).

Friis M, Skovgaard N, Juul K, Nissen DS. Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry on Hand X-rays Obtained on Mammographic X-ray Equipment. Journal of the International Bone and Mineral Society 2001, 28; 5(suppl): P336 (IBMS 2001).

Johnell O, Önnby K, Redlund-Johnell I. Short-term In vivo Repeatability of Digital X-ray Radiogrammetry and Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 2001, 16(suppl 1): SU099 (ASBMR 2001).